Catatan kaki Kebangkitan_dunia_Arab

  1. ↑ Korotayev A., Zinkina J. Egyptian Revolution: A Demographic Structural Analysis. Entelequia. Revista Interdisciplinar 13 (2011): 139–169.
  2. ↑ "Middle East In Revolt". 11 February 2011. Dicapai 11 February 2011. 
  3. ↑ Peterson, Scott (11 February 2011). "Egypt's revolution redefines what's possible in the Arab world". Christian Science Monitor. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  4. ↑ Spencer, Richard (23 February 2011). "Libya: civil war breaks out as Gaddafi mounts rearguard fight". The Telegraph. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  5. ↑ McLean, Jesse (16 February 2011). "Death turns 'harmless man' into Bahrain uprising's martyr". The Toronto Star. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  6. ↑ "'It Will Not Stop': Syrian Uprising Continues Despite Crackdown". Der Spiegel. 28 March 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  7. ↑ Bakri, Nada; Goodman, J. David (28 January 2011). "Thousands in Yemen Protest Against the Government". The New York Times 
  8. ↑ "Algeria protest draws thousands". CBC News. 12 February 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  9. ↑ McCrummen, Stephanie (25 February 2011). "13 killed in Iraq's 'Day of Rage' protests". The Washington Post. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  10. ↑ "Thousands protest in Jordan". Al Jazeera English. 28 January 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  11. ↑ "Morocco King on holiday as people consider revolt". Afrol.com. 2011. Dicapai 1 February 2011. 
  12. ↑ Vaidya, Sunil (27 February 2011). "One dead, dozen injured as Oman protest turns ugly". Gulf News. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  13. ↑ "Kuwaiti stateless protest for third day". Middle East Online. 20 February 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  14. ↑ "Lebanon: Protests against Sectarian Political System". Reuters. 27 February 2011. Dicapai 8 March 2011. 
  15. ↑ Humphrey, Shawn (24 February 2011). "Benin, Senegal, Mauritania Impacted by Protest Movements". Yahoo!. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 2 March 2011. Dicapai 25 February 2011. 
  16. ↑ "Man dies after setting himself on fire in Saudi Arabia". BBC News. 23 January 2011. Dicapai 29 January 2011. 
  17. ↑ "Sudan opposition leader arrested". IR: Press TV. 19 January 2011. Dicapai 29 January 2011. 
  18. ↑ "New clashes in occupied Western Sahara". Afrol. 27 February 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  19. ↑ "Syria Blocks New Border Protest as Death Toll Rises to 23". FOX News. 6 June 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  20. ↑ "The Arab Uprising's Cascading Effects". Miller-mccune.com. 23 February 2011. Dicapai 27 February 2011. 
  21. ↑ "Many wounded as Moroccan police beat protestors". Reuters. 23 May 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  22. ↑ "Syria's crackdown". The Irish Times. 31 May 2011. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 8 September 2012. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  23. ↑ "Bahrain troops lay siege to protesters' camp". CBS News. 16 March 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  24. ↑ "Syria clampdown on protests mirrors Egypt's as thugs join attcks". Ahram Online. 19 April 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  25. ↑ Almasmari, Hakim (17 March 2011). "Yemeni government supporters attack protesters, injuring hundreds". The Washington Post. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  26. ↑ "Libya Protests: Gaddafi Militia Opens Fire On Demonstrators". The Huffington Post. 24 February 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  27. ↑ Uriel Abulof (10 March 2011). "What Is the Arab Third Estate?". The Huffington Post. Dicapai 1 May 2011. 
  28. ↑ Hardy, Roger (2 February 2011). "Egypt protests: an Arab spring as old order crumbles". BBC. Dicapai 9 March 2011. 
  29. ↑ Smith, Kate (8 March 2011). "Arab 'spring' a chance for U.S. to rewrite relationships". San Angelo Standard-Times. Dicapai 9 March 2011. 
  30. ↑ Moisi, Dominique (26 January 2011). "An Arab Spring?". Project Syndicate. Dicapai 9 March 2011. 
  31. ↑ Khalidi, Rashid (3 March 2011). "http://www.thenation.com/article/158991/arab-spring". The Nation. Dicapai 9 March 2011.  pautan luar dalam |title= (bantuan)
  32. ↑ Ashley, Jackie (6 March 2011). "The Arab spring requires a defiantly European reply". The Guardian. UK. Dicapai 9 March 2011. 
  33. ↑ "Arab Spring – Who lost Egypt?". The Economist. 1 March 2011. Dicapai 9 March 2011. 
  34. ↑ Miller, Aaron. "What Is Israel's Next Move In The New Middle East?". Moment Magazine. Moment Magazine. Dicapai 5/6/2011.  Check date values in: |access-date= (bantuan)
  35. ↑ http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/spotlight/2011/02/2011222121213770475.html.  Missing or empty |title= (bantuan) http://www.americanthinker.com/2011/05/arab_awakening.html.  Missing or empty |title= (bantuan)"The Arab awakening reaches Syria". The Economist. 
  36. ↑ http://www.thenation.com/blog/158670/arab-uprisings-what-february-20-protests-tell-us-about-morocco.  Missing or empty |title= (bantuan) http://www.economist.com/node/18332630.  Missing or empty |title= (bantuan)
  37. ↑ Fahim, Kareem (22 January 2011). "Slap to a Man's Pride Set Off Tumult in Tunisia". The New York Times. Dicapai 1 February 2011. 
  38. ↑ Noueihed, Lin (19 January 2011). "Peddler's martyrdom launched Tunisia's revolution". UK: Reuters. Dicapai 1 February 2011. 
  39. ↑ Raghavan, Sudarsan (27 January 2011). "Inspired by Tunisia and Egypt, Yemenis join in anti-government protests". The Washington Post. Dicapai 1 February 2011. 
  40. ↑ "Yemenis square off in rival 'Day of Rage' protests". Arab News. 3 February 2011. Dicapai 6 February 2011. 
  41. ↑ "Police in south Yemen disperse 'day of rage' protests". Hosted news. Aden, Yemen: Google. Agence Presse-France. 11 February 2011. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 23 December 2011. Dicapai 13 February 2011. 
  42. ↑ White, Gregory (13 February 2011). "Bahrain Now Bracing For Its Own Day Of Rage After Giving Every Family $2,660 Fails". Business Insider. Dicapai 13 February 2011. 
  43. ↑ "Party: Bashir is not standing for re-election". Gulf Times. 22 February 2011. Dicapai 22 February 2011. 
  44. ↑ "Iraq PM plans no re-election". Voice of Russia. 5 February 2011. Dicapai 27 February 2011. 
  45. ↑ "Iraq angered protesters call for Maliki resignation". Alsumaria. 26 February 2011. Dicapai 27 February 2011. 
  46. ↑ "Jordanians stage anti-gov't sit-in in Amman". Xinhua. 30 January 2011. Dicapai 13 April 2011. 
  47. ↑ "Jordan king appoints new PM, government quits". Reuters. 1 February 2011. Dicapai 2 February 2011. 
  48. ↑ Worth, Robert F. (23 April 2011). "President of Yemen Offers to Resign for Immunity". The New York Times. Dicapai 24 April 2011. 
  49. ↑ Almasmari, Hakim (26 April 2011). "Yemen Protesters Accept Deal". The Wall Street Journal. Dicapai 27 April 2011. 
  50. ↑ Abu-Nasr, Donna (2 May 2011). "Yemen Accord Signing Has Been Postponed, Gulf Official Says". Bloomberg. Dicapai 5 May 2011. 
  51. ↑ "Libyan govt says Gaddafi won't step down". The Times Of India. The Times of India. 5 April 2011. Dicapai 5 Mei 2011. 
  52. ↑ AFP 27 January 2011 (1986-01-28). "Unrest across the Arab world". The Vancouver Sun. Dicapai 29 January 2011. 
  53. ↑ "Arab protests attract Nobel interest: News24: World: News". News24. 31 January 2011. Dicapai 8 February 2011. 
  54. ↑ "Tunisia President Ben Ali 'will not seek new term'". BBC News. 13 January 2011. 
  55. ↑ "Tunisia forms national unity government amid unrest". BBC News. 17 January 2011. 
  56. ↑ Al-Jazeera English (9 March 2011). "Tunisia dissolves Ben Ali party". Dicapai 9 March 2011. 
  57. ↑ "Tunisia election delayed until October 23". Reuters. 8 June 2011. Dicapai 8 June 2011. 
  58. ↑ "Tunisia protests against Ben Ali left 300 dead, says UN". BBC News. 1 February 2011. 
  59. ↑ "4 dead in Tunisia after renewed violence". CTV News. 27 February 2011. 
  60. ↑ "Algeria's state of emergency is officially lifted". Bloomberg L.P. 24 February 2011. Dicapai 25 February 2011. 
  61. ↑ "Algeria repeals emergency law – Middle East". Al Jazeera English. Dicapai 23 February 2011. 
  62. ↑ Obama Poised to Step Up Criticism of Mubarak If Crackdown Is Intensified – Bloomberg
  63. ↑ "Lebanese condemn Israeli agression against protesters". yalibnan.com. 15 May 2011. Dicapai 23 June 2011. 
  64. ↑ "Clashes in Lebanon's Tripoli leave six dead". nowlebanon.com. 17 June 2011. Dicapai 23 June 2011. 
  65. ↑ "Arrest warrants issued over Tripoli clashes". www.dailystar.com.lb. 22 June 2011. Dicapai 23 June 2011. 
  66. ↑ Blomfield, Adrian (1 February 2011). "King Abdullah II of Jordan sacks government amid street protests". London: The Telegraph. 
  67. ↑ http://khaberni.com/more.asp?ThisID=52120&ThisCat=1
  68. ↑ http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/201121821116689870.html
  69. ↑ Mauritania's Bouazizi died today
  70. ↑ Sudan's Bashir will not stand in next election: party official, AFP, 21 February 2011.
  71. ↑ Sudanese student dies after protests-activists
  72. ↑ "Oman ups minimum monthly wages to $520 for nationals, Oman Economy – Maktoob News". En.news.maktoob.com. Dicapai 27 February 2011. 
  73. ↑ "Sit-in in Sohar town forces hypermarkets to close down". gulfnews. Dicapai 27 February 2011. 
  74. ↑ "Oman takes measures to address public grievances". Khaleejtimes.com. 27 February 2011. Dicapai 6 March 2011. 
  75. ↑ (AFP) – 1 day ago. "AFP: Oman boosts student benefits". Google.com. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 22 December 2011. Dicapai 27 February 2011. 
  76. ↑ "Oman shuffles cabinet amid protests – Middle East". Al Jazeera English. Dicapai 27 February 2011. 
  77. ↑ Al-Jazeera English (5 March 2011). "Oman's ruler dismisses ministers". Dicapai 5 March 2011. 
  78. ↑ Oman's Sultan Granting Lawmaking Powers to Councils | Middle East | English
  79. ↑ Surk, Barbara. "The Canadian Press: Police in Oman fire tear gas, rubber bullets at protesters seeking political reform; 1 killed". Google.com. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 3 March 2011. Dicapai 27 February 2011. 
  80. ↑ "Deaths in Oman protests – Middle East". Al Jazeera English. Dicapai 27 February 2011. 
  81. ↑ "Oman clashes: Two killed during protests in Gulf state". BBC News. 8 February 2011. Dicapai 27 February 2011. 
  82. ↑ "Saudi King Boosts Spending, Returns to Country". Voice of America. 23 February 2011. Dicapai 23 February 2011. 
  83. ↑ "King's order to benefit 180,000 temporary employees". Arab News. 28 February 2011. Dicapai 28 February 2011. 
  84. ↑
  85. ↑
  86. ↑ "Report: Saudi Facebook activist planning protest shot dead". Monsters and Critics/DPA. 2 March 2011. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2 March 2011. Dicapai 2 March 2011. 
  87. ↑ "Man dies after setting himself on fire in Saudi Arabia". BBC News. 23 January 2011. Dicapai 23 January 2011. 
  88. ↑ "Egypt's prime minsiter quits, new govt soon-army". Forexyard.com. Dicapai 5 Mac 2011. 
  89. ↑ Egypt's Mubarak Steps Down; Military Takes Over, The Wall Street Journal, 11 February 2011.
  90. ↑ Reuters (29 November 2010). "Egypt's military moves to dissolve parliament, suspend constitution". Haaretz. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 15 February 2011. Dicapai 24 February 2011. 
  91. ↑ "Egyptian state security disbanded". Al Jazeera. 15 March 2011. Dicapai 15 March 2011. 
  92. ↑ Egypt dissolves former ruling party http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/04/2011416125051889315.html
  93. ↑ "Al-Ahram Weekly | Egypt | How the mighty have fallen". Weekly.ahram.org.eg. 2 February 2011. Dicapai 23 March 2011. 
  94. ↑ Kirkpatrick, David D.; Stack, Liam (13 March 2011). "Prosecutors Order Mubarak and Sons Held". The New York Times. Dicapai 13 April 2011. 
  95. ↑ "Mubarak to be tried for murder of protesters". Reuters. 24 May 2011. Dicapai 24 May 2011. 
  96. ↑ "846 killed in Egypt uprising". 20 April 2011. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 20 April 2011. Dicapai 20 April 2011. 
  97. ↑ Moroccan king to make reforms with constitutional body, Middle East Online, 22 February 2011;
  98. ↑ Karam, Souhail (20 March 2011). "Thousands in Morocco march for rights". The Independent. London. 
  99. ↑ http://web.archive.org/web/20110430093415/news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20110425/wl_nm/us_morocco_protest
  100. ↑ Yemen: Death Toll There at 11, Morocco: Five pro-democracy protesters dead | Eagainst.com – Autonomy against Barbarism
  101. ↑ "ارتفاع حصيلة أحداث 20 فبراير إلى 6 قتلى". Hespress. 24 February 2011. Dicapai 25 February 2011. 
  102. ↑ Man beaten to death by Police at Teachers Protest in Rabat, Morocco. 26 March 2011 – Videos
  103. ↑ Miller, David (7 June 2011). "Demonstrator's death energizes Moroccan protesters". The Jerusalem Post. Dicapai 11 June 2011. 
  104. ↑ Yemen MPs resign over violence, Al Jazeera, 23 February 2011.
  105. ↑ "Yemenis rejoice as Saleh leaves but fighting continues". BBC News. 5 June 2011. Dicapai 5 June 2011. 
  106. ↑ , Huffington Post, 4 June 2011.]
  107. ↑ 150 protesters and 154 soldiers killed (by 21 May) 150 killed in the ammo dump explosion, total of 454 killed outside of the street fighting
  108. ↑ 253-273 reported killed during the Battle of Sana'a, 120 during the Battle of Zinjibar, 46-82 during the Ta'izz clashes, 2 in a militant attack in Loder (27 May), 5 in a tribal-Houthi clash (1 June), and 9 in a militant attack in Abyan (5 June), total of 433-491 reported killed during the street fighting
  109. ↑ "Iraqi prime minister won't run for third term". MSNBC. 5 February 2001. 
  110. ↑ "Governor of third Iraqi province quits over protests". The Gulf Today. 27 February 2011. 
  111. ↑ McCrummen, Stephanie (26 February 2011). "Iraq 'Day of Rage' protests followed by detentions, beatings". The Washington Post. 
  112. ↑ "Bahrain's king gives out cash ahead of protests". Reuters. 11 February 2011. 
  113. ↑ Bahrain's king to free political prisoners as protests continue, Monsters and Critics, 22 February 2011.
  114. ↑ Bahrain sacks ministers amid protests, Press TV, 26 February 2011.
  115. ↑ 31 protestors killed, four policemen killed, 1 Saudi soldier killed, total of 36 people reported killed
  116. ↑ "Witnesses: Libya army says Benghazi 'liberated' from pro-Ghadafi forces". Haaretz. 20 February 2011. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 22 February 2011. 
  117. ↑ Drogin, Bob; Abdulrahim, Raja (23 February 2011). "Libyan opposition reportedly seizes city of Misurata". Los Angeles Times. 
  118. ↑ Drogin, Bob; Abdulrahim, Raja (23 February 2011). "Libyan opposition reportedly seizes key western city". Los Angeles Times. 
  119. ↑ "Libya opposition forms council, reject Gaddafi talks". World Bulletin. 27 February 2011. 
  120. ↑ "Ferocious battles in Libya as national council meets for first time". NewsCore. 6 March 2011. Dicapai 6 March 2011. 
  121. ↑ "Libya: Coalition launches attacks". BBC News. 20 March 2011. Dicapai 19 March 2011. 
  122. ↑ "Liberation with celebrations". ABC News. Dicapai 2011-10-23. 
  123. ↑ Coker, Margaret (24 October 2011). "Interim Government to Declare Libya Liberated". Wall Street Journal. Dicapai 2011-10-23. 
  124. ↑ "Libya declares nation liberated after Gaddafi death". The Jerusalem Post. Dicapai 2011-10-23. 
  125. ↑ "Residents flee Gaddafi hometown". News.smh.com.au. 3 October 2011. Dicapai 28 October 2011. 
  126. ↑ Karin Laub (8 September 2011). "Libyan estimate: At least 30,000 died in the war". San Francisco Chronicle. Associated Press. Dicapai 9 September 2011. 
  127. ↑ "Kuwait ministers resign, news agency says". CNN. 31 March 2011. 
  128. ↑ "30 wounded in Kuwait protests on Friday". MSN. 
  129. ↑ "Syrian activist Haitham al-Maleh freed under amnesty". BBC News. 8 March 2011. Dicapai 8 March 2011. 
  130. ↑ "Syria frees 80-year-old former judge in amnesty". Reuters. 8 March 2011. Dicapai 8 March 2011. 
  131. ↑ "Unrest continues in Syria". Al Bawaba. 23 March 2011. Dicapai 24 March 2011. 
  132. ↑ "Assad attempts to appease minority Kurds". Al Jazeera. 8 April 2011. Dicapai 24 April 2011. 
  133. ↑ "Syrian army 'attacks protest city of Deraa'". bbc.co.uk. 25 April 2011. Dicapai 25 April 2011. 
  134. ↑ "Syria protests: Security forces shoot at mourners". BBC News. 23 April 2011. Dicapai 23 April 2011. 
  135. ↑ "Syrian cabinet resigns amid unrest". 29 March 2011. 
  136. ↑ "Syrian army units 'clash over crackdown'". Al Jazeera. 2011. Dicapai 28 April 2011. 
  137. ↑ 1,600+ civilians and 341 -500 security forces killed
  138. ↑ Agence France Presse (6 June 2011). "Syria says 23 dead as Israel opens fire on Golan". France 24. Diarkibkan daripada asal pada 7 June 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 
  139. ↑ "UN's Pillay condemns Israeli 'Naksa' killings". Al Jazeera English. 8 June 2011. Dicapai 12 June 2011. 

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